The role of spirituality in healthcare

JC, an at-risk 86-year-old Asian male is physically and financially dependent on his daughter, a single mother who has little time or money for her father’s health needs. He has ahx of hypertension (HTN), gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), b12 deficiency, and chronic prostatitis. He currently takes Lisinopril 10mg QD, Prilosec 20mg QD, B12 injections monthly, and Cipro 100mg QD. He comes to you for an annual exam and states “I came for my annual physical exam, but do not want to be a burden to my daughter.”Reflect on your experiences as a nurse and on the information provided in this week’s Learning Resources on diversity issues in health assessments. Reflect on the specific socioeconomic, spiritual, lifestyle, and other cultural factors related to the health of the patient assigned to you. Consider how you would build a health history for the patient. What questions would you ask, and how would you frame them to be sensitive to the patient’s background, lifestyle, and culture? Develop five targeted questions you would ask the patient to build his or her health history and to assess his or her health risks. Think about the challenges associated with communicating with patients from a variety of specific populations. What strategies can you as a nurse employ to be sensitive to different cultural factors while gathering the pertinent information?

Ball, J. W., Dains, J. E., Flynn, J. A., Solomon, B. S., & Stewart, R. W. (2019). Seidel’s guide to physical examination: An interprofessional approach (9th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Mosby.

Chapter 1, “The History and Interviewing Process” (Previously read in Week 1)

This chapter highlights history and interviewing processes. The authors explore a variety of communication techniques, professionalism, and functional assessment concepts when developing relationships with patients.

Chapter 2, “Cultural Competency”

This chapter highlights the importance of cultural awareness when conducting health assessments. The authors explore the impact of culture on health beliefs and practices.

Dains, J. E., Baumann, L. C., & Scheibel, P. (2019). Advanced health assessment and clinical diagnosis in primary care (6th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Mosby.

Credit Line: Advanced Health Assessment and Clinical Diagnosis in Primary Care, 6th Edition by Dains, J.E., Baumann, L. C., & Scheibel, P. Copyright 2019 by Mosby. Reprinted by permission of Mosby via the Copyright Clearance Center.

please use the above sources , simplify the words

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Discussion Post
The patient, J.C is an 86-year-old Asian man, who is financially and physically dependent on his daughter. From the patient data, the APRN needs to consider cultural factors such as communicating with elderly Asian patients. The patient can speak English and hence a translator is not necessary. However other cultural considerations include avoiding making eye contact with the patient during communication and also avoiding touching the patient as it is considered disrespectful when dealing with the elderly in the Asian culture (Zeng, Wan, Yuan & Fang, 2021). It is also important to address the relationship between the patient and the daughter as the patient feels he is a burden to the daughter. Traditionally, men are the decision-makers, while women are considered subordinate in the Asian culture (He & Tang, 2021). Additionally, children are expected to take care of their elderly parents. It is, therefore, important to assure the patient of the importance of family support when undergoing challenges.
The spirituality of the patient and its impact on the healthcare practices and beliefs of the patient need to be addressed. This is because attending to the spiritual needs of patients is a component of holistic care (Fitch & Bartlett, 2019). Traditionally, Asians use herbal supplements, and traditional diet, and holistic traditional medicine to deal with health problems (He & Tang, 2021). Healthcare practitioners need to be aware of the hot and cold, Yin and Yang concepts and try to integrate them into the patient’s care plan, whenever possible.
The relevant questions to ask the patient to examine his healthcare risks and collect more information on his health history include:
1. Do you want a translator to help with the interview?
This question will help confirm if the patient would need a translator to help him understand everything during the interview.
2. Who is responsible for healthcare decisions in your family?
This question will determine the relationship between the daughter and the patient and thus provide important information regarding his healthcare needs.
3. What type of medical insurance do you have?
This question will help identify if the patient has health insurance to cater for his medical expenses and if there is a need to refer him to social services. The patient expressed that he does not want to burden the daughter.
4. Have you been using any supplements or home remedies?
It is important to integrate the patient’s traditional practices into his treatment plan to promote treatment adherence.
5. Do you have any issues you want to discuss?
This question will allow the patient to speak up about any concerns he might be having.

References
Fitch, M. I., & Bartlett, R. (2019). Patient Perspectives about Spirituality and Spiritual Care. Asia-Pacific journal of oncology nursing, 6(2), 111–121. https://doi.org/10.4103/apjon.apjon_62_18
He, A. J., & Tang, V. F. (2021). Integration of health services for the elderly in Asia: A scoping review of Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia. Health Policy, 125(3), 351-362.
Zeng, Y., Wan, Y., Yuan, Z., & Fang, Y. (2021). Healthcare-Seeking Behavior among Chinese Older Adults: Patterns and Predictive Factors. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(6), 2969. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18062969